In 18, Hendrik Lorentz used a mathematical method called "local time" t' = t – v x/c 2 for explaining the negative aether drift experiments. Main articles: History of special relativity, History of Lorentz transformations, and Lorentz ether theory However, if the events are causally connected, precedence order is preserved in all frames of reference. Furthermore, if the two events cannot be causally connected, depending on the state of motion, the crash in London may appear to occur first in a given frame, and the New York crash may appear to occur first in another. If one reference frame assigns precisely the same time to two events that are at different points in space, a reference frame that is moving relative to the first will generally assign different times to the two events (the only exception being when motion is exactly perpendicular to the line connecting the locations of both events).įor example, a car crash in London and another in New York appearing to happen at the same time to an observer on Earth, will appear to have occurred at slightly different times to an observer on an airplane flying between London and New York. According to Einstein's special theory of relativity, it is impossible to say in an absolute sense that two distinct events occur at the same time if those events are separated in space.
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